2025年"核理安邦“联合博士生学术论坛

高海拔公路隧道紧急停车带火灾烟气控制研究

Not scheduled

1h

Location: 清华大学核能与新能源技术研究院

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Speaker

冉 辰皓 (清华大学安全科学学院)

摘要

本研究通过全尺寸实验和数值模拟，研究了不同气压下应急停车场火灾烟雾的控制。当烟气在应急停车场边缘遇到横截面积变化时，部分烟雾向上游扩散，而部分烟气沉降后再循环。气压的降低会加速烟气的扩散，使烟气控制变得困难。为了通过纵向通风在火源侧紧急停车时控制火灾烟气，所需的控制速度比普通隧道中高30-60%。当考虑通过纵向通风控制紧急停车带中的烟气时，应急响应的时间增加，但所需的控制速度没有显著降低，这表明紧急停车带结构不利于烟气控制，会导致火灾风险增加。

Abstract

This study investigates the control of fire smoke in emergency lay-bys under different air pressures through full-scale experiments and numerical simulations. When smoke encounters a change in cross-sectional area at the edge of the emergency lay-by, part of the smoke diffuses upstream, while some smoke recirculates. A decrease in air pressure accelerates the diffusion of smoke, making smoke control more challenging. To control the fire smoke in the emergency lay-by on the fire source side through longitudinal ventilation, the required control velocity is 30-60% higher than that in a regular tunnel. When considering the control of smoke in the emergency lay-by via longitudinal ventilation, the response time increases, but the required control velocity does not significantly decrease, indicating that the emergency lay-by structure is unfavorable for smoke control and increases the fire risk.