2026年“核理安邦”联合博士生学术论坛

轴流压缩机动叶片仿真计算

Not scheduled

1h

地址：清华大学校内

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Speaker

黄 宽 (清华大学工程物理系)

Abstract

Since the beginning of the 21st century, the robust growth of the global economy has relied on the stable supply of energy. With the proposal of China's "30·60" dual carbon goals and the formulation of the 15th Five-Year Plan, the share of clean energy in the overall energy mix has been expanding continuously. As one type of clean energy, advancing the civilian application of nuclear power contributes to carbon emission reduction, and the development of nuclear power plants constitutes a critical approach for such implementation. The production of nuclear fuel relies on isotope separation cascades.

As a core piece of equipment in isotope separation cascade systems, compressors exert a pivotal influence on pressure stability, product enrichment and cascade efficiency during the separation process, and their performance directly determines the economic efficiency of the entire separation plant.

Since the last century, compressor design methodology has gradually evolved from one-dimensional design, two-dimensional flow design, and quasi-three-dimensional design to the current full three-dimensional optimal design and simulation. To further improve the performance of compressors such as efficiency and operating margin, optimization design is required for existing compressor schemes. Existing compressors are mainly categorized into positive displacement compressors and turbocompressors, among which turbocompressors are further divided into reciprocating compressors, centrifugal compressors and axial flow compressors. Reciprocating compressors deliver stable pressure but feature small single-unit flow rate and are prone to generating pulsed airflow, requiring additional configuration of pressure stabilization systems; centrifugal compressors feature high pressure ratio but a narrow operating flow range; axial flow compressors enable large flow input and output but feature small single-stage pressure ratio and a wide operating flow range.

Based on one-dimensional design, this study directly constructs three-dimensional moving blades and conducts simulation calculations, aiming to provide empirical references for the subsequent research and development of compressors.

摘要

进入二十一世纪以来，经济的蓬勃发展离不开能源的稳定保障。随着“3060”双碳目标的提出，以及十五五规划建设，清洁能源在能源板块的占比越来越大。核能作为是清洁能源之一，推进核能民用有利于减少碳排放，其中一个重要途径就是核电。核电燃料的生产离不开同位素分离级联。
压缩机作为同位素分离级联系统中的关键设备，对于分离过程中的压强稳定、生产丰度、以及级联效率具有关键影响，其相关性能会直接影响整个分离工厂的经济型。
自上世纪开始，压缩机设计方案逐渐从一维设计、二维通流设计、准三维设计，已经发展到现在的全三维优化设计模拟。为进一步提升压缩机的效率、工作裕度等性能，需要对现有的压缩机方案进行优化设计。现有压缩机主要分为容积式和透平式，透平式又主要分为往复式、离心式和轴流式。往复式压缩机压力稳定，但单台流量小，且易产生脉冲气流，需额外配置稳压系统；离心式压缩机，具有压比高，但是流量工作范围窄；周六式压缩机可以实现大流量输入输出，但是单级压比小，流量工作范围宽。
本研究在一维设计的基础上，直接设计三维动叶片，进行仿真计算，旨在为后续压缩机的研发提供经验。